How to Deal with School Anxiety

As summer fades and the new school year approaches, many students experience a mix of excitement and anxiety. This period can be especially challenging for those dealing with general nerves, separation anxiety and a fear of bullying.

From a mental health perspective, it's important to recognize and address these issues to ensure a smooth transition back to school—for kids and parents.

Understanding back-to-school anxiety

Back-to-school anxiety is a common phenomenon that can affect students of all ages. It can include a range of fears and worries related to academic performance, social interactions, and the transition from the relaxed pace of summer to the structured school environment. Kids may feel anxious but it can also manifest in other ways. Kids may have physical symptoms such as stomachaches and headaches, as well as emotional symptoms such as irritability, restlessness, crying, and difficulty sleeping.

Separation anxiety

Separation anxiety is particularly prevalent among young children, although it can also affect older students. This type of anxiety occurs when children fear being away from their primary caregivers. Symptoms may include clinginess, tantrums and physical complaints when it's time to go to school.

You may also see this when you leave the house without them, even when they are in the care of other loved ones. For some children, the thought of being separated from their parents or guardians can be overwhelming, leading to significant distress. While it might not seem like a big deal to parents, it can be a big deal for kids and needs to be managed with their mental health in mind.

Understanding attachment

From a psychological standpoint, separation anxiety is closely tied to attachment theory. Secure attachment forms the foundation for healthy emotional development. When children feel securely attached to their parents or caregivers, they are more likely to explore their environment and adapt to new situations, including going to school.

Secure attachment is developed from birth and continues to grow over time. Parents can significantly contribute to their child’s secure attachment style in many ways. With that said, even families with secure attachments can have children who experience anxious feelings.

Strategies to build a secure attachment with children:

• Comfort your child when they are sad
• Ensure a safe and secure home environment
• Tend to their physical and emotional needs
• Value and respect your child
• Encourage their personal growth and learning
• Listen to your child and understand their viewpoints

Gradual exposure to school

To alleviate separation anxiety, gradual exposure to the school environment can be beneficial. This might involve short visits to the school before the academic year begins, meeting teachers, spending time at the school playground during the summer, and establishing a routine that fosters a sense of security.

The back-to-school routine can be challenging for many parents. Don’t wait until the first day to discuss timelines and expectations. For many families, starting the sleep, dressing, and bathing routine at least a week before school begins can be very helpful.

Bullying and its impact

Bullying is a significant concern that can exacerbate back-to-school anxiety for many children. It involves repeated aggressive behaviour intended to hurt or intimidate another individual. Bullying can take various forms, including physical, verbal, and cyberbullying. The effects of bullying on mental health are profound, leading to increased levels of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem.

Recognizing Signs

Parents, teachers, and peers need to recognize the signs of bullying. These may include unexplained injuries, lost or destroyed belongings, changes in eating or sleeping habits, and reluctance or refusing to go to school. Bullying needs to be taken seriously and parents need to ensure that they are exploring the dynamics at school with both their children and school administration.

Many children will not talk about bullying out of fear of reprisal. So it's important that parents speak to their child and learn about their daily life. As mental health professionals, we know that bullying can no longer be looked at as “kids being kids,” and needs to be addressed. Schools must create a supportive and inclusive environment where students feel safe.

School anxiety strategies for parents and educators

Open communication

Encourage children to express their fears and concerns. Listening without judgment can help them feel understood and supported.

Establish Routines

Consistent routines provide a sense of predictability and security. Ensure that children have a regular bedtime, morning routine, and after-school activities.

Positive Reinforcement

Celebrate small achievements and milestones. Positive reinforcement can boost a child's confidence and reduce anxiety. This does not have to be in the form of gifts or treats, kind words can have a profound impact.

Teach Coping Skills

Equip children with coping strategies such as deep breathing, mindfulness, and problem-solving skills. These tools can help them manage anxiety in various situations.

Seek Professional Help

If anxiety or bullying significantly impacts a child's well-being, consider seeking help from a mental health professional. Therapy can provide children and parents with additional support and strategies to cope with their challenges.